Thursday, August 27, 2020
Of Mice and Men Questions for Discussion
Of Mice and Men Questions for Discussion Of Mice and Men is a celebrated and dubious novel by John Steinbeck. There have been numerous cases in which the novel was approached to be expelled, in some cases effectively, from school educational programs because of irreverent language and dim topics, for example, murder, psychological maladjustment, and willful extermination. Given its questionable nature, there are numerous assessments and translations Of Mice and Men, which makes it a pleasant novel to examine and discuss. Here are a few inquiries that will get this show on the road. Beginning From the Top: Where did Steinbeck get the title from? What is he referencing?â Topics and Symbols: What is the focal motivation behind the story?What are different topics in the story? How would they identify with the plot and characters?à Can you think about any images that speak to one of the topics you just discussed?à How does the setting add to the story? Could the story have occurred anyplace else?What sorts of contention happen in Of Mice and Men? Are the conflictsâ physical, scholarly, or enthusiastic? Lets Talk About The Characters: Are George and Lenny steady in their activities? Are they completely created characters?à From the ladies in the velvet dress to Curleys spouse, female characters have had an enormous impact in changing Lennie and Georges life. What is the job of ladies in the content? What's more, for what reason does Steinbeck not give them names?How does John Steinbeck uncover character inà Of Mice and Men? What Are Your Opinions? OK prescribe this novel to a friend?à Do you figure the book ought to be controlled or banned?à Do you discover the characters likable?à Does the story end the manner in which you anticipated? How? Why?
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The Downfall Of Macbeth Essays (1712 words) - Characters In Macbeth
The Downfall Of Macbeth During the time people have consistently wanted to accomplish a few things in life, for example, love, riches, influence or authority. The aspiration of Macbeth was power. Macbeths' make progress toward power influences his life in a negative manner and in the long run prompts his defeat. Macbeth was a daring warrior of Scotland and was exceptionally faithful to King Duncan. As he came back from a fight with his companion Banquo three witches hailed him as Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor and at long last King of Scotland. They additionally disclosed to Banquo that his youngsters would become Kings. This excited Macbeth's interest of how he could become King. At the point when he went to the royal residence and the King declared to him that he would become Thane of Cawdor in light of the fact that the past Thane was a trickster. His aspiration rised and he accepted that some reality may be covered up in the bizarre sisters' words. Hence, he composed a letter to his significant other Lady Macbeth mentioning to her what had occurred. At the point when Lady Macbeth read the letter her aim was to convince Macbeth to execute Duncan. Hence, she planed the homicide. She welcomed the King to their home where she wanted to have him murdered. Macbeth had a few ditherings howeve r she controlled him into doing it. The homicide occurred at evening time and short after the homicide Macbeth felt enabled and believed that nothing could stop him. Duncan's children Malcom and Donalbain fled the nation and one went to England and the other to Ireland. Macbeth requested the witches guidance and they revealed to him that no lady conceived man could murder him and that lone when Birnam Wood came up to the stronghold would he lose his capacity. So as to keep up his capacity Macbeth recruited three killers to murder Banquo and his child Fleance however they just figured out how to slaughter Banquo though Fleance got away. Macbeth likewise murdered Macduffs spouse and child in light of the fact that as indicated by him Macduff was a double crosser. Meanwhile, Malcom and Macduff were gathering a military so as to oust Macbeth. After the witches words Macbeth felt invulnerable while Lady Macbeth kicked the bucket, likely of blame. Toward the finish of the play, the milita ry masked itself with branches from the Birnam wood and walked to the manor where Macduff, who was torn from his mom's belly, slaughtered Macbeth and Malcom became King. In the start of the play, Macbeth is viewed as a decent man and a courageous warrior. At the point when he returns from the fight, the Captain depicted Macbeth's respect and boldness to King Duncan in Act I, scene 2. For valiant Macbeth-well he merits that name-Disdaining fortune, with his brandish'd steel, Which smoked with wicked execution, Like valor's crony cut out his entry Till he confronted the slave, Which ne'er shook hands nor bade goodbye to him Till he unseamed him from the nave to th' slashes, And fixed his head upon our battlements?(Act 1, scene 2, line16-23). This shows individuals, including the King confided in Macbeth and thought about him as a valiant, just, and legitimate trooper who adored his nation. In any case, his character changes all through the play in a negative manner. In the start of the play, Macbeth has all the earmarks of being upbeat and substance as Thane of Glamis until he hears the witches forecasts. His desire is fortified when he is made Thane of Cawdor and he begins thinking about killing King Duncan. He quickly keeps in touch with his significant other so as to counsel her. At the point when Lady Macbeth peruses the letter, we can comprehend that she considers Macbeth as excessively kind and delicate to kill the King. As she says: ? However do I dread thy nature; It is too full o' the milk of human consideration To get the closest way.'(Act 1, Scene 5, line 13-15) This shows before all else Macbeth was considered as to delicate to carry out this sort of wrongdoing. In this way, she talks him into her arrangement and they welcome Duncan over for a dinner. In any case, Macbeth has a few hesitations about the homicide. As he says to his significant other: ?He is here in twofold trust: First, as I am his brother and his subject, solid both against the deed; at that point, as his host, Who ought to
Friday, August 21, 2020
Who Cares About Arts Education!
Who Cares About Arts Education! Monet, da Vinci, and Van Gogh. Mozart, Bach, and Beethoven. George Bernard Shaw, Tennessee Williams, and William Shakespeare. Other than their mothers, whose life has really been influenced by what these men have done? Naturally, weâve enjoyed what theyâve produced; but have any of their accomplishments led to ours? Why should we waste precious resources â" which are already severely limited â" on arts education? Sure. Beating on a drum can help blow off steam. And brandishing a paint- laden brush can foster creativity. Donning a costume and reciting lines on stage might even boost self-confidence. But other than that â" what good are the arts? Adios! Art education in public schools has been on the decline since 1980. Due to sever budget cuts that have nearly crippled public education lately, even the few classes that survived the last three decades have pretty much become extinct. Many people say, âGood riddance!â Classes that teach skills like playing an instrument or painting a sunset are better off getting axed, leaving valuable dollars for worth-while classes like reading and math. But Wait Just a Minute⦠It turns out art fans are crowing quite loudly these days. Why? The arts might actually be more beneficial than we thought. Gasp! New research shows that a well-rounded educational experience is best. And âwell- roundedâ includes the arts. In fact, this teaching method is closely linked to academic achievement, social and emotional development, civic engagement, and equitable opportunity. Who knew?! While everyone has been worrying about how to improve math and reading scores, one of the primary study aids has quietly slipped out the back door. A recent study followed high school students for three years. The participants fell into two groups. One group took the minimum art education requirement. The other group took more than the minimum. And guess what happened. The students who took more art classes did better in both math and reading. Students who took extra arts classes were 1.5 times more likely to meet or exceed the ACT Plan national average composite scores in these subjects. Additionally, they excelled in statewide tests for math, reading and writing. Good grief. That kind of takes the wind out the sails of any naysayers. Thatâs Not All. Thereâs More. We all know there is more to life than math and reading scores. Learning to learn is far more important. And guess what. Art helps with that too. In fact, it seems art education helps with just about everything! There is a direct correlation between the ability to read music and the ability to conquer math problems. Music students in a recent study had much higher math scores than their non-musical counterparts. And, students from low socio-economic backgrounds were two times as likely to comprehend math topics if they had musical training. Want to enhance your childâs vocabulary, phonics skills, and syllabification (the separation of a word into syllables)? What about teaching them to appreciate history, myths, folktales, geography and culture? Well, help them study the lyrics of music. They can learn all that and more. Thematic learning helps youngsters learn in a safe, enjoyable, student-centered environment. This style is perfect for anyone who is struggling to learn a second language. For example, non-native English speakers should study music if they want to master the language faster. Learning to play a musical instrument is no easy feat. Many people quit before they really give it a chance. If a youngster can stick it out, they will learn the importance of hard work, practice, and discipline. Many of todayâs youngsters need to learn those lessons. Entitlement is like a nasty four letter word. Contributing to an orchestra, band, or choir forces students to collaborate, work as a team, strive for a common goal, and develop negotiation skills. Those fruity, creative types have always valued art education. Apparently, the rest of us had better learn to appreciate the arts too. Go figure. The nutty ones have had it right all along! References: Good Reasons Why Your Child Should Study Music. Retrieved from Schoolatoz http://www.schoolatoz.nsw.edu.au/homework-and-study/other-subjects-and-projects/the-arts/why-your-child-should-study-music Kloberdanz, K. (2012). Want Your Kids to Excel in Math and Reading? Teach Them to Paint. http://www.takepart.com/article/2012/10/23/want-kids-excel-math-reading-teach-them-paint Schwartz, J. (2012). Kids Like Blues: Using Music and Video to Rock Your Classroom. http://www.edutopia.org/blog/kids-like-blues-music-video-jon-schwartz
Monday, May 25, 2020
Reagan Interview - 926 Words
Remember Reagan Remember Reagan The 1980 US presidential campaign pitted Republican Ronald Reagan against Democrat Jimmy Carter. Why do you think Reagan beat Carter? Reagan inherited an economy that was in bad shape. The prime lending rate was like 15%, credit cards were 15-25%, there was gas rationing and soaring inflation that was 20%. He had an economic plan that was about cutting government size, taxes and building the US military back up. People got fed up with Carter and the government taxes. Sounds kind of like the Tea Party movementâ⬠¦ Sort of. The Tea Party is about following the Constitution and amendments, cutting taxes and government size. But it is not a political party despite what most people think. They haveâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦What do you know about that? The US government tried to negotiate, rescue and embargo Iran for the hostages taken under Carters administration. They were released when Reagan was elected. He dealt from a position of power and the Iranians respected that. The US government eased economic sanctions prior to the release tooâ⬠¦ What about religion? What did the new right and religious right have to do with the era of Reagan? Well, born again Christians were becoming more vocal in the 70ââ¬â¢s. Pat Robertson, Falwell, Jim and Tammy Fay Baker. They had a lot of followers and money and they were conservative in their views. Abortion, feminism, homosexuality and the separation of church and state were all fought over. The right was for traditional values of the bible, against abortion, gays and some views of feminism. Reagan supported the same conservative views so he gathered much of their support. It also allowed him to tap into the financial support of this branch. How about the assassination attempt? Why did that happen? Sirhan Sirhan? No, John Hinkley, Jr. I think he (Hinkley) was in love with Jodie Foster and thought that Reagan was in the way. Shot him with a .22, but Reagan survived. He bounced back pretty quickly and became even more driven. References Brinkley, A. (2012). American History (14th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Schewizer, P. (2002). Reaganââ¬â¢s War. New York, NY: DoubleShow MoreRelatedRonald Reagan Remembered: An Interview1706 Words à |à 7 Pagesï » ¿Reagan Remembered Mrs. Alice Crandall was in her 50s during the 8 years of Ronald Reagans two administrations as president of the United States. She was living in California and had been living in California since leaving Ohio in her childhood (her father got a job with a defense contractor in southern California). 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He eventually registeredRead MoreWho Is The Great Communicator?1726 Words à |à 7 Pageshis humor and inspirational speeches to build trust with followers. For the most part he treated everyone with dignity and respect regardless if the other person didnââ¬â¢t; this attributes help build a friendly environment with friend and foe. During Reagan run for President in 1980 he asked a master piece of a question in a debate to the people watching and in the crowd. He said ââ¬Å"Next Tuesday all of you will go to the polls, will stand there in the polling place and make a decision. I think when youRead MoreA Biography Of President Ronald W. Reagan s Life1587 Words à |à 7 Pagespolitical wisdom and collected nature, even in high pressure situations. Peggy Noonan, the author of this book, keeps a consistent praising tone for Reagan throughout the novel, and her love and appreciation for the man is obvious. Reagan went on to win the hearts of many Americans with his charming personality and undeniable charisma, qualities of Reagan that even some of his political adversaries have pointed out. Summary At the very beginning of the book, Noonan includes a quote by the distinguishedRead MoreLeadership Qualities Of Ronald Reagan1629 Words à |à 7 Pages Leadership Of Ronald Reagan When looking for an individual with very clear management styles as well as leadership skills that made a significant impact on both the United States and internationally, the first person that came to mind was Ronald Reagan. Not everyone can be both a manager with the ability to direct successfully and a leader with extraordinary proficiencies, but Reagan had the gift. It is not so hard to find a manager with leadership qualities or to find leaders with effective managerialRead MoreThe Contra Affair Of The Reagan Administration1686 Words à |à 7 Pages In 1992, George H.W. Bush ran for President for a second time, this time though, something was different. More information linking Bush to the Iran Contra Affair of the Reagan Administration had become public, and the news media was beginning to make the connections. In one of the first articles released regarding his involvement in 1992, the author, Walter Pincus, began to openly criticize Bush for his deception. Pincus, who wrote a lot about Bush and his involvement, explains that ââ¬Å"In the almostRead MoreBiography of President Ronald Wilson Reagan948 Words à |à 4 PagesRonald Wilson Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois on February 6, 1911 to Jack and Nelle Reagan. Jack enjoyed to talk politics, was an alcoholic, and often got drunk and lost his job, while Nelle was a very modest woman and helped the poor. Reagan was reading by age five from his mom teaching him and was baptized into the Disciple of Christ at age 11. In his free time he played football, ran track, and performed in plays, which he continued to do in his college, Eureka CollegeRead MoreAmerica s Age Of Hope1541 Words à |à 7 PagesCold War stretching for its fortieth anniversary, Americans knew the war would have to end soon. The people were weary of the charade and turned more conservative in the efforts against Soviet Russia. With this conventional outlook promoted by Ronald Reagan, America rose to its Silver Age, as it was known, which is how a sheet rock finisher at the time, Linda Farrall described the country, ââ¬Å"Everyone had a job and times were good. We worried less about things.â⬠Patriotism flourished in the heart of 1980ââ¬â¢s
Thursday, May 14, 2020
Gender And Its Effects On Society - 1188 Words
Since gender is very salient in our society, it often has effects on more than just the individual level. When analyzing the institutions of work and family, one can see the influence that gender has on levels of discrimination, particularly against women. In this essay, I will examine these gendered institutions and the resulting effects this can have on families. This discrimination is particularly evident in the gendered division of labor. While this division is considered ââ¬Å"traditional,â⬠the splitting of men into the public sphere, which includes work and business, and women into the private sphere, which includes the home and child-care, is actually a relatively recent phenomenon. Kimmel describes this separation as part of an ââ¬Å"effortâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Kimmel contends that womenââ¬â¢s participation in the work force is taking place in every level, even in the major professions. For example, today, ââ¬Å"women make up 12.9 percent of all architect s and engineers, 32.3 percent of doctors, and 46 percent of university professorsâ⬠(Kimmel; 248). These percentages are likely to increase even more as women pursue more higher education. Since women are becoming more and more involved in the labor force, the norm for wage-earning couples is now a dual-earning system where both partners work and earn a wage to contribute to their overall standard of living. However, policies still reflect the seemingly archaic notion that men work and women stay at home. This can especially be seen in the ways women are discriminated against in the workplace. For example, despite women also contributing to a relationshipââ¬â¢s overall income, there is still a wage gap. Kimmel explains that ââ¬Å"today womenââ¬â¢s wages are about 77 percent of menââ¬â¢s wages,â⬠which translates to women only making .77 for every dollar that men make (Kimmel; 262). While this is a higher percentage than in the past, this phenomenon is not due to women being paid more. In our current economic state, men are being paid less, so they are approaching a rate closer to a womanââ¬â¢s wage. In addition to being paid less than men, women are also less likely to get promoted and are more likely to suffer from being trapped in
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Conflicts Within The Workplace Conflict - 1405 Words
While conflict is a part of social relationships, there are many conflicts that are escalated beyond the normal day-to-day interactive conflicts. Day-to-day interactive conflicts such as disagreeing about what to cook for dinner or when to mow the lawn are inevitable and for the most part, relatively easy to negotiate. However, more serious conflicts arise during the course of daily living as well: in which religion to raise children if parents come from differing ideological backgrounds or how much to spend on family vacations. Daily living and conflicts within the family are not the only conflict, however. Conflicts at work, in social situations, in political debates, and in global issues create tension in daily life as well. Bothâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦I knew it would not be an issue, as this particular store hired and employed numerous college students and had the reputation of being a college-friendly workplace. At that time, both the human resources person and my supervi sor indicated that scheduling would not be an issue. I also gave them my class schedule at that time and let them know when I was available to be scheduled, and both agreed that there should be no scheduling difficulties as I was part-time and there were several other people who worked in the department where I would be working. During my first few weeks at the sporting goods store, things went smoothly. I was trained by the lead in my department, and the supervisor checked on my progress occasionally. When it came time to work on my own, the supervisor left a schedule in my work mailbox, as he did for everyone every two weeks, and I noticed that he had scheduled me for several shifts during times that I had indicated I was not available due to classes. That day, I approached my supervisor and let him know that I could not work some of my scheduled shifts. He told me that he was sorry about the scheduling, and that he would correct it on the next schedule, but for now, I would have to work the shifts on the schedule. I told him that I could not, and he
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Coleridges Criticsm of Poetic Diction free essay sample
Wordsworthââ¬â¢s purpose, as he tells in the Preface was, ââ¬Å"to choose incidents and situations from common lifeâ⬠, and quite naturally, he also intended to use, ââ¬Å"a selection of language, really used by menâ⬠. He was to deal with humble and rustic life and so he should also use the language of the rustics, farmers, shepherds who were to be the subjects of his poetry. The language of these men was to be used but it was to be purified of all that is painful or disgusting, vulgar and coarse in that language. He was to use the language of real men because the aim of a poet is to give pleasure and such language without selection will cause disgust. COLERIDGE in chapter XIV of his BioGraphia Literaria (1817) elucidate and evaluate Wordsworthââ¬â¢s poetry and comment upon wordsworthââ¬â¢s theory of poetic diction. 2. Wordsworth and Coleridge came together early in life. It was in 1796, that they were frequently together, and out of their mutual discussion arose the various theories which Wordsworth embodied in his Preface to the Lyrical Ballads, and which he tried to put into practice in the poems. Coleridge claimed credit for these theories and said they were, ââ¬Å"half the child of his brain. â⬠But later on, his views underwent a change, he no longer agreed with Wordsworthââ¬â¢s theories, and so criticised them in Chapter XVII and XVIII of theBiographia Literaria. Coleridgeââ¬â¢s criticism is the last word on the subject, it has not been improved upon upto date. Wordsworths theory of poetic diction is of immense value when considered as a corrective to the artificial, inane, and unnatural phraseology current at the time. But considered in itself it is full of a number of contradictions and suffers from a number of imitations. For one thing, Wordsworth does not state what he means by language. Language is a matter of words, as well as of arrangement of those words. It is the matter of the use of imagery, frequency of its use, and its nature, Wordsworth does not clarify what he exactly means by ââ¬Ëlanguageââ¬â¢. Wordsworthââ¬â¢s Views 1. Reasons for His Choice of Rustic Life : In his Preface,Wordsworth made three important statements all of which have been objects of Coleridgeââ¬â¢s censure. First of all, Wordsworth writes that he chose low and rustic life, because in that condition the essential passions of the heart find a better soil in which they can attain their maturity, are less under restraint, and speak a plainer and more emphatic language; because in that condition of life our elementary feelings coexist in a state of greater simplicity and consequently may be more accurately contemplated and more forcibly communicated; because the manners of rural life germinate from those elementary feelings, and from the necessary character of rural occupations are more easily comprehended and are more durable; and lastly, ââ¬Ëbecause in that condition the passions of men are incorporated with the beautiful and permanent forms of nature. Choice of Rustic Language : Secondly, that, ââ¬Å"The language too of these men is adopted (purified indeed from what appears to be its real defects, from all lasting and rational causes of dislike or disgust) because such men hourly communicate with the best objects from which the best of language is originally derived; and because, from their rank in society and the sameness and narrow circle of their intercourse being less under the action of social vanity, they convey their feelings and notions in simple and unelaborated expressions. â⬠. Diction of Poetry : Thirdly, he made a number of statements regarding the language and diction of poetry. Of these, Coleridge controverts the following parts : ââ¬Å"a selection of the real language of menâ⬠; ââ¬Å"the language of these men (i. e. men in low and rustic life) I propose to myself to imitate, and as far as possible to adopt the very language of menâ⬠; and ââ¬Å"between the language of prose and that of metrical composition there neither is, nor can be, any essential difference. â⬠Coleridgeââ¬â¢s Criticism As regards the first statement, the choice of rustic characters and life, Coleridge points out, first, that not all Wordsworthââ¬â¢s characters are chosen from low or rustic life. Characters in the poems like Ruth, Michael, The Brothers, are not low and rustic in the usual acceptance of these words. Secondly, their language and sentiments do not necessarily arise from their abode or occupation. They are attributable to causes which would result in similar sentiments and language, even if these characters were living in a different place and carrying on different occupations. These causes are primarily two (a) independence which raises a man above servility; and frugal life and industrious domestic life, and (b) a solid religious education which makes a man well-versed in the Bible and other holy books to the exclusion of other books. The admirable qualities we notice in the language and sentiments of Wordsworthââ¬â¢s characters result from these two causes, and not from their rural life and occupation, or their contemplation of nature. Even if they lived in the city, away from Nature. They would have similar sentiments and similar language, if they were subject to the two causes mentioned by Wordsworth. In the opinion of Coleridge, a man will not be benefitted from life in rural solitudes, unless he has (a) natural sensibility, and (b) suitable education. In the absence of these advantages in rural conditions the maid hardens and a man grows ââ¬Å"selfish, sensual, gross, and hard-hearted. â⬠Coleridge agrees with Aristotleââ¬â¢s view that the characters of poetry must be universal and typical. They must represent some particular class, as well as general human nature. He writes, ââ¬Å"poetry is essentially ideal, that it avoids and excludes all accident: that its apparent individualities of rank, character or occupation must be representatives of a class; and that the persons of poetry must be clothed with generic attributes, with the common attributes of the class; not with such as one gifted individual might possibly possess, but such as from his situation it is most probably beforehand that he would possess. â⬠Wordsworthââ¬â¢s characters are representatives in this sense. As regards the second statement of Wordsworth, Coleridge objects to the view that the best of language is derived from the objects with which the rustics hourly communicate. First, communication with an object implies reflection on it, and the richness of vocabulary arises from such reflection. Now the rural conditions of life do not require any reflection, hence the vocabulary of the rustic is poor. They can express only the barest facts of nature, and not the ideas and thoughts universal laws which result from reflection on such facts. Secondly, the best part of a manââ¬â¢s language does not result merely from communication with nature, but from education, from the mindââ¬â¢s dwelling on noble thoughts and ideals of the master minds of humanity. Whatever noble and poetic phrases, words and arrangement of words the rustics use, are derived not from nature, but from repeated listening to The Bible and to the sermons of noble and inspired preachers. Coleridge on Poetic Diction Coming then to a detailed consideration of Wordsworthââ¬â¢s theory of poetic diction, he takes up his statements, one by one, and demonstrates that his views are not justified. Wordsworth asserts that the language of poetry is ââ¬Å"a selection of the real language of man or the very language of man; and that there was no essential difference between the language of prose and that of poetry. â⬠Coleridge reports that ââ¬Å"every manââ¬â¢s language, varies according to the extent of his knowledge, the activity of his faculties and the depth or quickness of his feelings. â⬠Every manââ¬â¢s language has, first, its individual peculiarities; secondly, the properties common to the class to which he belongs; and thirdly, words and phrases of universal use. ââ¬Å"No two men of the same class or of different classes speak alike, although both use words and phrases common to them all, because in the one case their natures are different and in the other their classes are different. â⬠This applies much to the language of rustics, as to that of townsmen. In both cases the language varies from person to person, class to class, and place to place. Which of these varieties of language, asks Coleridge, is ââ¬Ëthe real language of men. ââ¬â¢ Each, he re plies, has to be purged of its uncommon or accidental features (such as those picked up from family, profession, or locality) before it can become the ordinary (i. e. generally spoken) language of men ââ¬ËOmit the particularities of each, and the result ofcourse must be common to all. And assuredly the commissions and changes to be made in the language and rustics, before it could be transferred to any species of poem, except the drama or other professed imitation, are at least as numerous and weighty as would be required in adapting to the same purpose the ordinary language of tradesmen and manufacturers. ââ¬â¢ ââ¬Å"Such a language alone has a universal appeal and is, therefore, the language of poetry. â⬠A language so generalised, so selected, and also so purified of what is gross and vulgar will differ in no way from the language of any other man of commonsense. â⬠Coleridge objects to Wordsworthââ¬â¢s use of the words ââ¬Ëveryââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ërealââ¬â¢ and suggests that ââ¬Ëordinaryââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëgenerallyââ¬â¢ aught to have been used. Wordsworthââ¬â¢s addition of the words ââ¬Å"in a state of excitement,â⬠is meaningless, says Coleridge, for emotional excitement may result in a more concentrated expression, but it cannot create a noble and richer vocabulary. To Wordsworthââ¬â¢s contention that there is no essential difference between the language of poetry and that of prose, Coleridge replies that there is, and there ought to be, an essential difference between the language of prose and that of poetry. The language of poetry differs from that of prose in the same way in which the language of prose differs, and ought to differ, from language of conversion, and as reading differs from talking. Coleridge gives a number of reasons in support of his view. First, language is both a matter of words, and the arrangement of those words. Now words both in prose and poetry may be the same, but their arrangement is different. This difference arises from the fact that poetry uses metre, and metre requires a different arrangement of words. As Coleridge has already shown, metre is not mere superficial decoration, but an essential, organic part of a poem. Hence there is bound to be an ââ¬Ëessential difference between the language, i. e. the arrangement of words, of poetry and of prose. There is the difference even in those poems of Wordsworth which are considered most Words worthian. In fact, metre medicates the whole atmosphere and so, even the metaphors and similes used by a poet are different in quality and frequency from those of prose. Further, it cannot be demonstrated that the language of prose and poetry are identical, and so convertible. There may be certain lines or even passages which can be used both in prose and poetry, but not all the lines or passages can be used thus. There are passages which will suit the one, and not the other. CONCLUSION Thus does Coleridge refute Wordsworthââ¬â¢s views on the themes and language of poetry. Coleridgeââ¬â¢s devotion of Wordsworthââ¬â¢s theory remains even now one of the finest examples of literary criticism. His essay on Wordsworth has been regarded by Thomas M. Raysor as ââ¬Ëthe finest critical essay in English literature. ââ¬â¢
Saturday, April 11, 2020
The Speech of Aint I a Woman Critical Analysis Backed Up by Research
In 1851, one speech made a furore at a Womenââ¬â¢s convention in Akron. One woman Soujourner Truth said about womenââ¬â¢s rights, arguing with the ministers and disproving their ideas. Many people consider speech Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman? as a good example of feministic claims for the equal rights for women and men.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Speech of Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman: Critical Analysis Backed Up by Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, this speech also can be considered as claim for the rights for black people in the U.S. who struggled against slavery and racial intolerance. Soujourner Truthââ¬â¢s emphasis that differences in intellectual capability of people or other racial aspects have nothing to do with the human right given by God for everyone, in spite of color or gender, is still relevant and actual in the modern society where the racial problems and conflicts arise every day. The times and circumstances that gave rise to the speech were difficult due to the social opinion that women should have less rights than men, because it is natural that women have less intellectual and physical capabilities and, therefore, should do some simple home work. According to Soujourner Truth, men treat women as the weak persons that should be ââ¬Å"helped into carriage, and lifted over ditchesâ⬠(ââ¬Å"Ainââ¬â¢t I Woman?â⬠). It was difficult for Soujourner Truth to say this speech, as there were the various men in the church who did not wanted to hear her ideas only because she was a woman. In that period, only a few women could be brave enough to speak in a public place in front of men about rights and equality. Moreover, even white women felt this pressure and unfair treatment. In case of black people, the situation was worth. The attempts to develop the abolition of slavery were made from the end of 18th century. However, this process ha d been prolonged and lasted until 1827. The mistress of Soujourner Truth gave her freedom one year before the emancipation had been accepted by the state. Born in slavery in 1797, Soujourner Truth whose born name was Isabella Baumfree, from her early childhood knew about the problems existed in the society (David and Stetson). In 1908, she was sold at the auction. The girl got her education living with a Quaker family after the release from slavery. However, inborn talent allowed Soujourner Truth to express her experience as a slave and a black woman. Her mother told young Isabella about Africanââ¬â¢s mysticism and the white mistress told her about Christianity. Later, the girl accepted the Christian ideas and believed that God gave her the special calling to fight against the injustice. In 1827, she was released from slavery as the result of the antislavery law. However, although black people got freedom, there were many problems and wrong treatments of black people and especial ly of women. In 1828, Soujourner Truth moved to New York and joined the African Methodist Church. Although she was unable to read and write, she was a talent to speak in a very good way.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Deep voice and strong character helped her to speak in public, doing it earnestly and in a simple way that was understandable for everyone. She knew what she was talking about; therefore, she could express the feeling in a right way. According to Gilbert, Soujourner Truth traveled through Connecticut and western Massachusetts, working in order ââ¬Å"to pay tribute to Caesarâ⬠(Gilbert 82). She did the remarkable biblical interpretations, talking about wisdom and faith. In 1844, she joined in the Northampton Association in western Massachusetts where she met many interesting people and where she made her first speech. In 1851, she joined the antislavery movement in w estern New York and in this year she made her the most remarkable speech Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman?. Attending the Womanââ¬â¢s Rights Convention in Akron, Soujourner Truth she wanted to claim about the necessity changes of the attitude to women. This speech ââ¬Å"has become the symbol of her power as a speakerâ⬠(Fitch and Mandziuk 18). This woman who could not read and write, who did not get a good education could use the various rhetorical devices. She used the simple vocabulary understandable for majority of the audience. Rhythm and repetitions provided the special atmosphere, making the speech more logical, comprehensive and, thereby, more convincing. Very little education even helped the speaker to be clearer. Obviously, the point style of speaking was absolutely successful and made speech more effective. Her rhetorical strategy included the use of ethos and pathos in order to support the most important messages and make the speech more powerful. She addressed the particu lar points in a very effective way, using logic. In the speech Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman? Soujourner Truth wanted to answer to one man who claimed for the special rights for men as the superior creations. According to that man, all men have the superior intellect and, therefore, it is natural that they have more rights and privileges. Soujourner Truth argued with him, saying that ââ¬Å"Whatââ¬â¢s that got to do with womenââ¬â¢s rights or negroesââ¬â¢ rights? If my cup wonââ¬â¢t hold but a pint, and yours holds a quart, wouldnââ¬â¢t you be mean not to let me have my little half measure full?â⬠(Truth). Perhaps, men feel free talking about such things because Christ was the man or ââ¬Å"because Christ wasnââ¬â¢t womanâ⬠? (Truth) There was one man who said women to go home, because Jesus and all his apostles were men. However, Truth had an answer on that: ââ¬Å"Where did your Christ come from? From God and a woman! Man had nothing to do with Himâ⬠(Trut h). When another man indicated the ââ¬Å"sin of our first motherâ⬠(Truth), the speaker answered ââ¬Å"If the first woman God ever made was strong enough to turn the world upside down all alone, these women together ought to be able to turn it back, and get it right side up again! And now they is asking to do it, the men better let themâ⬠(Truth).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Speech of Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman: Critical Analysis Backed Up by Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The speaker comprehended that this speech can help thousands of women who suffer from inequality. Therefore, she tried to prevent the possible arguments and to answer the questions that were asked by other people before. Her arguments were precise and convincing. Soujourner Truth wanted to prove that her opponents are wrong and she was successful. Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman? had been devoted to the large group of people who had to unite and claim for the rights. The audience was mixed from both men and women. Some of men also supported Soujourner Truthââ¬â¢s ideas. Nevertheless, obviously majority of the audience had been influenced by the speech of this woman. In that time, the speech had been received good as many people supported the ideas present by the speaker. In that period, women were able to enter to only one church and one hotel. The main message of Soujourner Truth was that black women were no less females than others, therefore, she asked ââ¬Å"Arenââ¬â¢t I a woman?â⬠This speech was one of the most remarkable and bright in that Convention. And obviously Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman? influenced many people. The spiritual power of this message united people in their struggle and gave them hope that truth and fairness will be achieved. The idea of the free society was popular among the citizens and especially among those who had been in slavery. Equality as the basic principle of de mocracy should be given to all citizens of the United States as it was written in the US Constitution. Although it is impossible to state that this concrete speech provided the significant changes, however, Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman? was one of the bricks that build the new way of social life. It is evident that the speech is closely related to the culture of its author. Soujourner Truth emphasized a will of all African-Americans who wanted finally to get the rights, freedom and equality. Moreover, some of the statements written on the paper were not maintained in fact. Although all people should have the same rights as it was written in the US Constitution, women were treated as the less intellectual persons who did not have the right of voice. Cultural peculiarities such as Christianity influenced the way of arguments. Some of the people claimed that the major figures in Bible were men, besides, the first mother made a serious sin. However, such treatment of Biblical messages was inc orrect. The basic principle of Christianity is equality of everyone and the speech of Soujourner Truth indicated it. The historical place of black slaves caused their sharp reaction on the unfair treatment. This speech is the expression of old desires of all African-American slaves to get the normal free life in a democratic society where people are not divided according to the color of their skin.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The ideas of Soujourner Truth that she emphasized in the speech Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman? are still important and relevant today. Differences in intellectual capability of people or other racial aspects have nothing to do with the human right given by God for everyone, in spite of color or gender. It is highly important to remember this statement. Nowadays, the world faces a number of problems related to the racial intolerance such as accidents in Norway in 2011 and in France in March, 2012. Many researchers say that Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman? of Soujourner Truth reflects the feministic ideas. However, her ideas were deeper than emphasis of the womenââ¬â¢s rights. Although the speaker argued with those men who supposed that women should stay at home and do the simple home work, she also claimed for equal rights for all people no matter of gender or race. Providing the arguments and answering to the opponents, this woman influenced the society and become a legendary symbol of strong ch aracter and will to get freedom for everyone. Born in slavery, Soujourner Truth knew how unfair the life could be and she wanted to change the system, to make her country better. Works Cited David, Linda, and Erlene Stetson.à Glorying in Tribulation:à The Lifework of Sojourner Truth.à East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1994. Print. Fitch, Suzanne Pullon and Roseann M. Mandziuk. Sojorner Truth as orator: wit, story, and song. US: Greenwood Press, 1997. Print. Gilbert, Olive.à Narrative of Sojourner Truth: A Northernà Slave.à 1850. Reprinted asà Narrative of Sojourner Truth: A Bondwoman of Olden Time.à Margaret Washington ed. New York: Vintage, 1993. Print. Truth, Sojourner. n.d. Ainââ¬â¢t I Woman? Web. https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/mod/sojtruth-woman.asp This essay on The Speech of Ainââ¬â¢t I a Woman: Critical Analysis Backed Up by Research was written and submitted by user Joyce Solomon to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
Tuesday, March 10, 2020
How to break technology addiction and improve concentration - Emphasis
How to break technology addiction and improve concentration How to break technology addiction and improve concentration New research from Kent Universitys psychology department confirms what many of us already know from experience. Far from helping us become more efficient, the constant interruption of technology is weakening our ability to concentrate and slowing us down at work. With inboxes pinging and smartphones winking at us, were increasingly giving in to tempting but non-essential diversions and researchers say we could be wasting nearly one-fifth of our time in the process. No wonder so many of us are no strangers to working late. Lead us not into temptation The study came about after lead researcher Ulrich Weger noticed that his own progress at work was continually thwarted by email notifications luring him away from the task at hand. The experiment charged about 100 volunteers with reading text on a computer. During the task, they were interrupted by a one-minute verbal message, such as a phone call, and were asked to continue reading the text when it reappeared onscreen. The researchers used eye-trackers to follow the volunteers visual journey in returning to the task. Since they went back to the text at an earlier point than where they left off, each interruption caused an average 17 per cent increase in the total time to finish reading the whole passage. The study also found that it took volunteers significantly longer to read the text when it was accompanied by background speech or music. A return to concentration So, what of the resulting ideas for combating the problem? Weger suggests a daily concentration exercise, where you focus on a simple object for a few minutes. As soon as you become aware that your thoughts have drifted onto something else, gently bring them back to your chosen object. Its worth it, according to Weger: After practice, you get more competent at shielding yourself against the countless tempting stimuli in our world. Other solutions include: marking the point on the page where you temporarily stop reading (this accounted for 10 per cent of the time wasted in the study), turning off phones and email notifications, and making sure you dont sit looking out on, for example, a distractingly busy street. Burying phones in the garden and turning desks to the wall will undoubtedly appeal to some, but it probably wont work in the long run. We have a much simpler way to get the job done try some of our practical tips for beating writers block and the procrastination trap in our articles Forgiveness: the answer to writers block and Tips for breaking through the barrier. Reference: Reading resumption after interruptions: using eye movements to study the costs of interruptions during reading by Ulrich Weger.
Saturday, February 22, 2020
Venetian Altarpieces 1460-1505 Literature review
Venetian Altarpieces 1460-1505 - Literature review Example The altarpieces were often funded by the affluent Venetians, therefore the altarpieces, like the chapels that house them, were often meant as a celebration of the affluence and rank of these families. Seidel (1994) states that such patronage could be a familyââ¬â¢s way of regaining prominence after it has returned from exile, or could be a way to celebrate enormous prosperity for the family. Humfrey (1994) states that, for instance, Jacopo Belliniââ¬â¢s altarpiece Annunciation was commissioned by the widow of Gattamelata, Giacomo da Leonessa. De Leonessa was closely associated with Donatello and was a patron of Mantegna. As such, she was at the forefront of the Renaissance art in Northeastern Italy, and she wanted her altarpieces to be as up to date as these other pieces. This meant that Jacopo Bellini would have had specific terms for his commission to construct the Annunciation. Rubin (1994) states that the subject of the painting was not usually left to the artist, but, rather, was decided by the patrons before the artist even begun working. The subject was decided before the artist was even chosen. The patrons would usually decide what it was that they were trying to convey, and calculated their needs and budget for the work accordingly. The patrons then set out to find a master to carry out their designs. The wills, bequests, and donations for these altarpieces usually stipulated that the paintings be carried out by a famous or skilled master. The painter could, however, embellish the painting as he saw as being necessary ââ¬â for instance, the painter, such as Perugino, would add angels, ornaments and extra heads. However, these artists were not invented, so much as they were ornamenting or filling in the blanks for the patrons. It was all very workmanlike, according to Muraro (1994), in that the artist or the artistââ¬â¢s house would sign a detai led contract that would dictate which patron saints would be depicted, the time that would be allotted for the painting to be completed, the day for delivery of the painting, the information about arbitration in cases of dispute, and the forms of payment.
Thursday, February 6, 2020
How computer technology can help the economy in China to improve lives Essay
How computer technology can help the economy in China to improve lives and standards of living - Essay Example The jobs that are being created in the Chinaââ¬â¢s economy are low paying. The average monthly income of a Chinese manufacturing worker is $134 a month (Worldsalaries). The use of computers and information technology could help China and its people increase its standard of living. Technology allows for the creation of better paying jobs in the information technology field. This strategy is not limited to people that have a formal education in computer and information technology. The internet is a channel that human resource departments can use to hire employees in alternate work arrangements such as telecommuting. Telecommuting can be defined as the act of working from home rather than traveling back and forth to a workplace (Mass). Due to the terrain limitation of China which is about the same size as the United States, but with a population 22 times larger there is simply no more room to create jobs using traditional business models that require physical space. The Chinese econo my has to emphasize growth by expanding into the virtual economy. A country with a similar overpopulation problem that has taken advantage of information technology to achieve economic growth is India. Mass.gov. 2009. ââ¬Å"Telecommutingâ⬠8 December 2009.
Tuesday, January 28, 2020
The impact of the fast food movement Essay Example for Free
The impact of the fast food movement Essay Everything today is fast. People think fast, speak fast, walk fast, write fast and eat fast. Fast food has become such an integral part of the busy American lifestyle that there are more than 300,000 restaurants offering it throughout the United States today (Dorfman, 2001). Since everything is becoming fast in the world, the slow food movement if gradually being taken over by the fast food movement and significant factors of the slow food movement are changing because of this. Major supermarket chains and restaurants are replacing the many local stores people always shopped at, changing the prices of food, quality of service and products, as well as availability of food. The prices of foods show a significant difference between the local market prices and major supermarket chains. As Allison states, At a local market in my town, I bought a half -gallon of grape juice for $5.00 that would normally cost $2.50 at a supermarket (2002). Supermarkets and restaurants have chains so they can afford to lower their prices due to global popularity. Sales often happen at supermarkets and fast food chains as another way to keep their businesses popular and well known. These sales keep customers in their establishments and promotes the buying of other products that may not be on sale. Acquiring products in mass quantities aids in keeping prices down on the products that consumers buy. Also, with more variability in supermarkets compared to local markets, customers can choose from a variety of items, which attracts them to the bigger and well known stores. Sometimes restaurants will have promotions to attract people into their establishments such as the current win ning game at Mcdonalds. Ensuring customers keep coming back to their restaurants, ensures stability and allows food prices to stay low. The quality of service of employees and the products in a grocery store or restaurant are changing due to the increased awareness of the fast food movement. At fast food restaurants for instance, everything is quick paced and so informal that the employees think very little about taking the extra step in being polite. Dorfman states, Their involvement is at a minimum,Ã especially since their salaries are, but manners should be a part of everyones daily routine, no matter how little they are being paid. These workers seem to be looking for something lost on the floor whenever I place my order (2001). However, the complete opposite occurs at sit-down and very formal restaurants, including the McDonalds in Beijing. Even though McDonalds is a fast food chain, the one in Beijing is a very elegant and formal place where customers go and stay for hours. The hostesses here and at other formal restaurants are very polite and well manned. The quality of service seems to increase as salaries increase (Dorfman 2001). However, local markets tend to always be nice and friendly because they know the customers and are both producing and selling the products they have. Also, local markets tend to have less chemicals in their food compared to those at supermarkets. Everything is made fresh at our farm. No preservatives are added to our pies or breads, and our produce is thoroughly washed before it sets the stand(Allison 2002). Although less chemicals seem to be added to local markets, supermarkets have a variety of items and a lot of availability when it comes to getting certain kinds of foods. At a local market, you can pick from a couple different kinds of the same item, or you can pick from several different kinds of foods, as well as getting fruit or vegetables that may be out of season at a supermarket. Also, many major supermarkets and fast food chains are open over 12 hours a day compared to local markets that usually sell their products for 8 hours.
Monday, January 20, 2020
Illustrating with Vignettes Essay -- Historical Vignettes, American Go
Neil Gaiman employs vignettes quite successfully within American Gods. His interludes, particularly those of a historical digression, provide context for the development of various gods in America, as well as their difficulty in assimilating and flourishing. Common throughout all four historical digressions are themes of sacrifice and abandonment. The first vignette, A.D. 813, illustrates the establishment of gods in the new world. Norsemen sail to North America, calling on the All-Father to keep them safe. Once established, their bard sings of Odin around the campfire. The Norsemen then meet a native, a ââ¬Å"scraelingâ⬠¦ dressed in fursâ⬠with ââ¬Å"small bones braided into his long hairâ⬠(68). They entertain and feed him before sacrificing him to their god: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦they carried him at the head of a procession to an ash treeâ⬠¦where they put a rope around his neck and hung him high in tribute to the All-Fatherâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (68). While their singing to Odin drew the Grimnerââ¬â¢s attention, it was the sacrifice that brought him to the new land. The day after the homage, ââ¬Å"two huge ravens landed upon the scraelingââ¬â¢s corpseâ⬠¦[and] the men knew their sacrifice had been acceptedâ⬠(68-69). The blood and sacrifice strengthened Odinââ¬â¢s tie to the land. Though the Norseme n all die in an attack by natives, the religion, though abandoned, is not entirely forgotten. When Leif the Fortunate arrives later, his gods await him. The second historical vignette, dated 1721, also illustrates the arrival of gods, but goes further to address their struggle to survive. Celtic beliefs arrive to North America in the back of a faithful Cornishwomanââ¬â¢s mind. Readers grow old with the Essie the main character, a woman banished twice from her homeland, bartering her body for second cha... ...ents itself in this interlude. Like the others, it ties a god to the new land through sacrifice, and presents the death of god(s) as result of a lack in, or abandonment by followers. The last vignette offers more detail concerning the origin and death of a god, than any other within American Gods. It suggests that a god is the figment of a hallucinogenic craze, or a figment of the mind. Like the other vignettes, it proposes that the sacrifice of a believer ties a god to a new land. It implies that the successful transplant of a god depends on the similarities between the old world and the new, and it insinuates that the existence of one jealous god (possibly referring to monotheism), precludes the addition of another during assimilation. Essentially, the last vignette offers a reflection on all of the previous historical digressions, as well as the main text.
Sunday, January 12, 2020
The Way You Speak
Yelling, making snarly comments, talking in what as well be a different language to most people are just parts of the way you speak. Depending on the situation you are going to speak differently. If you are at Work, with your friends, or with your family more than likely you talk almost as a different person. At work you should be acting professional and speaking in a more proper way. Using more of a ââ¬Å"Yes sirâ⬠way of speaking is the way to talk.However different jobs would call for a certain way to talk. My job for example isnââ¬â¢t very formal or even professional. I work with people Iââ¬â¢ve known for years, so I really donââ¬â¢t change the way I talk unless customers are around; then I become a completely different person. I become a cheerful, nice, and talkative person which isnââ¬â¢t really me at all. Loud, offensive, funny, rude, or downright wrong more than likely youââ¬â¢re talking with your friends.The things you say around your friends might seem mean to other people but to you and your friends itââ¬â¢s normal to you. For example, with my friends we say things that seem stupid and out of context to most people but to us it makes perfect sense. Every group of friends is going to speak differently, completely informal for the most part. If your family is anything like mine, nothing is off limits. I talk almost the exact same to my family as I do with my friends.Maybe less swearing, but virtually the same language. Unless Iââ¬â¢m around my grandparents then I turn into a kid again and donââ¬â¢t say anything they wouldnââ¬â¢t approve of. Obviously every situation calls for different language, whether it be talking to someone new, your friends and family, or your boss. Every way is going to be different from the last. Friends and family usually donââ¬â¢t care how you talk, but your boss is a completely different story.
Saturday, January 4, 2020
Patriarchy in Romeo and Juliet - 1718 Words
In a patriarchal society, women are expected to conform to social restrictions by demonstrating reverence and obedience to the males in their lives. Shakespeares tragic play, Romeo and Juliet, explores the effects of patriarchal authority exerted over women and how the patriarchal structure left no escape from it, save death. Through Juliet, Lady Capulet, and the Nurse, Shakespeare establishes a common understanding of this type of society, but illuminates three different reactions to the social oppression by portraying the responses of a passionate lover, an idyllic housewife, and an attendant. Juliet is introduced into the play in act one scene three, as an innocent, obedient, and respectful adolescent. Her polite response to herâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The idyllic housewife, Lady Capulet, is a loving, virtuous, and obedient wife who is completely supportive of her husbands wishes above the well-being of her daughter. Throughout the entire play, Lady Capulet is an extension of her husband, promoting his judgments and requests. She acts as his ambassador when she informs Juliet of Paris desires and intentions. Comparing Juliet to other girls her age already married, Lady Capulet encourages her to love the gentleman (1.3.81) and to behold him at [the] feast (1.3.82). As she talks highly of Paris, she fulfills her motherly duties by giving her tips on how to find love with a man (1.3.83-86). Lady Capulet then disappears until act three scene four, where Capulet instructs her with direct orders to go to Juliet and prepare her for her wedding day (3.4.31-32). Immediately, Lady Capulet submits to his authority and carries out the order. When Juliet claims she is not well, Lady Capulet scolds her for lamenting too long over Tybalts death. She tells her that a reasonable amount of grieving is a sign of love, but too much is foolish. Lady Capulet remains conservative in the advice she gives to her daughter, no doubt with her husbands wishes in mind. She chooses not see her daughters pain in deference to her husbands wishes.Show MoreRelatedConfined Entrapment Essay1622 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe term patriarchy. In a patriarchal society, the authority in the family is vested in males through whom descent and inheritance are traced (Ivan 00), and women are expected to conform to the social restrictions by demonstrating reverence and obedience to the males in their lives; they are merely commodities and dealt with as possessions. Shakespeares tragic play, Romeo and Juliet, explores the effects of patriarchal authority exerted over women and the responses to it. Through Juliet, Lady CapuletRead MoreEssay on Parent, Child with Learning Disorders1341 Words à |à 6 PagesExamine how Shakespeare creates dramatic tension at the loversââ¬â¢ first meeting in Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet. How easy is it to relate to them? Act 1 Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet is one of the most important scenes in the play because it is the scene where Romeo and Juliet first meet. The play is fundamentally about two families: the Montagueââ¬â¢s and the Capuletââ¬â¢s. It is during Act 1 Scene 5 where they first fall in love; however, theyââ¬â¢re unaware that they are from their rival familiesRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Romeo And Juliet By William Shakespeare1268 Words à |à 6 Pages The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet is widely known as the greatest love story of all time. Not only for itââ¬â¢s great story, but also revolutionizing the genre and what the audience thinks of society.. Itââ¬â¢s strong female heroine that stands up to her farther and the idea of equal power in marriage were unheard of at the time. However, beneath that is a dark story about suicide, death, hate, and mortality. Itââ¬â¢s hard to believe that an author challenging the social norm of the time would also punish theRead MoreUpd ating Freud : Female Behavior1355 Words à |à 6 Pagesaspect of Twilight that lends itself to a modern update of Freudââ¬â¢s concept of the pleasure principle is the fact that the female protagonist, Bella, is incredibly gendered in the novel. While Romeo and Juliet seemingly focused on the loverââ¬â¢s journey as a pair, with perhaps even more attention focused on Romeo, Bella is clearly at the center of Meyerââ¬â¢s novel and it is impossible to overlook the patriarchal influences that influence her behaviors and decisions. In addition, I would argue that Freudââ¬â¢sRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay2269 Words à |à 10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet In Romeo and Juliet, the characters of both Juliet and her father, Lord Capulet, and their relationship is very much affected by not only the way in which each character conducts themselves, but also by prominent views of the public, such as the role of women in society and patriarchy. Through their relationship, Shakespeare explores many emotions, and allows himself to develop and change their relationship throughout the playRead MorePatriarchy Is Not A Recipe For Happiness1618 Words à |à 7 Pagesvictims of an oppressive patriarchy....Self-imposed victimhood is not a recipe for happiness.â⬠- Phyllis Schlafly For the majority of human history, man has ruled over the entire human population. Feminism has always been looked down upon. Even women look down on other women for calling themselves the f word, a Feminist. Where did these ideals come from, and how have they become so deeply entrenched in our society? How long can we go on like this? Iââ¬â¢ve always found patriarchy to be different aroundRead MoreEssay on A Feminist Perspective of William Shakespeare1506 Words à |à 7 Pagesmales and females, about what the characteristics of each gender are, about what is defined as masculine and feminine, about how each gender possesses both masculine and feminine qualities and behaviors, about the nature and power of a hegemonic patriarchy, and about the roles women and men should play in acting out the stories of their lives. Since feminist criticism today focuses on many of these same issues, we can bring such critical inquiry into the classroom by asking straightforward questionsRead M oreComparing Relationships in Romeo and Juliet and Great Expectations892 Words à |à 4 PagesThe familial relationship between Juliet and her father, Lord Capulet, is quite ambivalent. It is very much affected by prominent views of the public such as patriarchy. In the medieval world of Verona in Elizabethan England, fathers were entirely in charge the household as they were viewed as dominate and more powerful. In the beginning, Lord Capulet is illustrated to be concerned that marriage to the ââ¬Å"Gallantâ⬠and ââ¬Å"nobleâ⬠County Paris is too sudden for his daughter. My child is yet a strangerRead MoreShakespeares Criticism Of Feminism1864 Words à |à 8 Pageslove or hate the complexity of his female characters. He was able to manifest characters in a time when women in society where the only job women could hold was to run a household and follow the word of her husband. Duvalois 2 In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Juliet is bold, and that makes her a strong, powerful female character. She was not afraid to take control of her life rather than obeying her fatherââ¬â¢s orders for her to marry whom he had chosen for her. She came from a noble family whereRead MorePresentation Of Tybalt And Jack1494 Words à |à 6 Pagesï » ¿Compare the presentation of Tybalt in Romeo and Juliet and Jack in the Lord of the Flies Shakespeare presents Tybalt to be a very stubborn character. Tybalt says, ââ¬Å"Fetch me my rapier, boy.â⬠This quote shows the Tybalt is demanding someone to give him his sword. The word ââ¬Ëfetchââ¬â¢ is an imperative so Tybalt is commanding someone lower than him to do something. Also, it shows that he is relating the person in question to a dog because a dog would normally fetch something for it leader. Furthermore
Friday, December 27, 2019
Jackie Robinson - the Hero of Baseball - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1498 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/04/02 Category Sports Essay Level High school Topics: Baseball Essay Did you like this example? The film 42 was released in 2013, it is a sports film written and directed by Brian Helgeland about the race segregation and the first African American baseball player Jackie Robinson. It is the PG-13 film. In the paper, I will analyse how film 42 depicts the racial difficulties Jackie Robinson faced during the baseball league and how the negative environment changed to the positive. Due to the increment of black baseball fans, the manager of Brooklyn Dodgers Branch Rickey (Harrison Ford) decided to sign a black baseball player Jackie Robinson (Chadwick Boseman) to make money for him. However, many people around him warned him that he was breaking the rules that no black can play with white. But Branch Rickey still signed Jackie Robinson, he did not noticed these oppose noise. At the beginning of the season, the players in Brooklyn Dodgers refused to play with Jackie Robinson even Jackie showed great talent, because Jackie was black. Branch Rickey was still supported Jackie Robinson, he even would traded the players who did not want to play with Jackie Robinson. During the season, lots of negative news and dirty words throwed to Jackie Robinson, but Jackie Robinson did not give up and replied. Jackie showed true courage and admirable restraint by not reacting the open Racism from outsides. As the time changed, most of the players in Brooklyn Dodgers started to ch ange their views on Jackie Robinson. They were admired by Jackies patient and talent, and started to stand up for him when the audiences and other players said and did some dirty words and actions on Jackie. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Jackie Robinson the Hero of Baseball" essay for you Create order When Dodgers played against Phillies during the mid of the season, the coach of Phillies Ben Chapman used a lot of dirty and racist words on Jackie Robinson. Ben Chapman did show that how most people react to when a black baseball player plays in the Major League Baseball. Jackie was very angry but he did not do anything, he just walked back to the bench and sat there. Branch Rickey saw that and heard what Ben Chapman said from stand, he said to his secretary Clayde: Its all right. He can take it. God built him to last. (Film 42) When Jackie Robinson stood on the batting area again, Ben Chapman started to be more emotional and kept saying more racist words to Jackie Robinson. Jackie did not hit the ball well, and he just walked out the field into the tunnel. Ben Chapman shouted at his back: Why dontcha look in a mirror? This is a white mans game! (Film 42) It really showed the stereotypes on African Americans, and how stereotypes affect the perception of athletes. The law had been e liminated discrimination against black people long time ago, however, the conceptual discrimination and cultural discrimination against black people were still existed. During the preseason games, Jackie Robinson successful stole the bases and ran to the home to score. Then the police on the field came and told Jackie to get off the field. The coach of the team came and asked why the police wanted to chase Jackie out of the field, the police relied: Because it against the law. Nxxxxx do not play with white boys. Now you get off the field, or go to the jail. We do not allow nxxxxx mix with white boys in this city. (Film 42) The discrimination on blacks still exist, it showed that most people could not accept black players to play in the Major League Baseball. It showed how people react when Branch Rickey decided to sign a black player. His secretary Clayde asked: With all due respect, sir, have you lost your mind? Think about the abuse that you are gonna take from the newspapers, let alone how this is gonna play out in flatbush? No law against it, Clyde. No, but theres a code, You break a law and get away with it, some people think youre smart. You break an unwritten law, youll be an outcast. (Film 42) Most people around Branch Rickey warned him about the media abuse and peoples react, but Branch Rickey did not listen to anyone else. Branch Rickey adhered to his opinion and he found out Jackie Robinson. When he first time met Jackie Robinson, he he was very rude and despise to ask Jackie Robinson if Jackie can control his temper when he faced the anger and the vitriol from others. Jackie replied: You want a player who doesnt have the guts to fight back? No. No. I want a player whos got the guts not to fight back. You gotta have the guts .. to turn the other cheek. Give me a uniform, give me a number on my back, I will give you the guts. (Film 42) Jackie Robinson successfully signed with the Brooklyn Dodgers, however, everytime when Jackie showed up in the stadium, the buzzing and racist words started to throw at Jackie in all directions. The players in Dodgers were very offended when Branch Rickey signed Jackie Robinson. They decided to write a letter to Branch Rickey with all of the players names on it about they did not want to player with Jackie Robinson and Branch Rickey told them if they did not want to play with Jackie Robinson, he would trade them to other teams. Although, the audiences in the stadium, the players in the team and people from outside talked and did very disrespectful, racist words and actions. Jackie Robinson did not reply with his words, he showed his talent to all the people. When Jackie Robinson walked into the tunnels during the games with Phillies, he started to crush his bat and shouted out his voice dissatisfied. He was ireful and wanted to smashed his bat to the head of the Ben Chapman. Branch Rickey showed up, Jackie asked Rickey if he knows what that likes. Branch Rickey replied: You are the one, living the sermons, in the wildness, spent forty days, all of it, only you. (Film 42) Jackie said he could not do anything on that, Rickey said: Of course you can it, you can get out there and hit, you can get on the base and score, you can win this game for us, we need you, everybody need you, you are medicine, (Film 42) If Jackie chose to fight against Chapman, people will not say that Chapman forced him to, people will th ink he is not belong to here. So Branch Rickey helped Jackie to soothe his emotions. Rickey knew that how much pressure Jackie had, and the abuse Jackie suffered, the only thing Rickey can do was to encourage Jackie, helped him to get respect from others. Jackie picked the confident again and walked on the field to batter, when Chapman tried to interfere Jackie with racist words again. Jackies teammate stood up and walked in front of Ben Chapman to let Chapman shut up. Jackies teammates started to stand up, they began to accept Jackie because of the patience of Jackie. Jackie used his action to showed that he is a great player, he scored for Dodgers to win the game. After the game against Phillies, most people thought that Ben Chapman overdid it. As Branch Rickey said: Sympathy. Its a Greek word, means to suffer. I suffer with you. That Phillipida manger, hes doing me a service. Hes creating sympathy on Jackies behalf. And phillipida is also from Greek, it means brotherhood (Film 42) Many people changed their minds on Jackie Robinson and the teammates also accept Jackie. Near the end of the regular season, Dodgers were taking on Cincinnati Reds. Cincinnati fans were giving Robinson a particularly tough time as the Dodgers took the field in the bottom of the first. However, this time, the captain of team, white player Pee Wee Reese came up and put his arms on Jackies shoulder. It silence the crowd because Pee Wee was from that area and he was a all-star player. Pee Wee said to Jackie: We are just here to play ball, I got family over there, I will let them know, know who I am. Maybe tomorrow we all wear 42, so they wont tell us apart. It was so hard to image that the captain, one of the best players in the team, a white man standed up for a black player at that time, in front of his family, in front of his people, to show the fans that the team will support Jackie. Jackie Robinson was the first African American baseball player which played in Major League Baseball, he broke the boundary of the baseball, he is a hero. Many people changed their attitudes from disdain, rude to support and love due Jackies talent and patient .Every teams in MLB retired Jackies number 42 on 1997. He was the first pro athlete in any sport to be so honored, also MLB adopted a new tration, Jackie Robinsons Day on April 15, started in 2004, every player needed to wear number 42 on every team to honor Jackie Robinson.
Thursday, December 19, 2019
Why Should We Take Gym Class - 1275 Words
Blessing in Disguise The mile. These two words used to scare the living daylights out of me. As a young child, I was by far the most unathletic kid in my gym class, and I truly dreaded going there every day. My parents knew this, and they fought for an alternative for me-- an alternative that I am unbelievably glad they were denied. Because one day, I decided that it was within my power to change myself, and now, I realize that being forced to take gym class had enormous benefits that impacted my whole life. Had my parents been successful in removing me from gym class, I would be a completely different person-- a lesser person. The benefits I received as a child from taking physical education were invaluable. A copious amount of concerned parents have raised the issue of individuality vs. conformity, or letting students choose whether or not they want to take the class vs. forcing them to, pertaining to physical education. Conformity is the wise choice-- schools should make gym a man datory class every year. Because physical education improves a studentââ¬â¢s health, encourages teamwork, and boosts academic performance, the sacrifice of individualism is well worth it in the end. Schools must make students conform when it comes to the popular debate on physical education primarily for health reasons. To begin, obesity is a growing problem in the United States, and along with obesity comes a plethora of health problems such as heart disease and diabetes (Menza). As this epidemicShow MoreRelatedShould Gym Classes Affect The Grades Grade Point Average?778 Words à |à 4 PagesJay Upadhyay Date: 10/19/2015 OUTLINE Title: Should studentââ¬â¢s grade in gym affects his overall grade point average? Purpose: To convince the audience that, a grade of gym should not be counted, as it might affect the overall grade for the majority of students. I. INTRODUCTION A. Attention Graber: How many of you are interested in gym class? And if you are then, should gym class should be included in GPA for grading? B. Thesis: Grade of gym class should not be counted in overall grade point averageRead MoreShould Gym Classes Be Tested? Grade Points Average? Essay754 Words à |à 4 PagesOUTLINE Title: Should a student s grade in gym affect his overall grade point average? Purpose: To convince the audience that, a grade of gym should not be counted, as it might affect overall grade for majority of students. I. INTRODUCTION A. Attention Graber: How many of you are interested in gym class? And if you are then, should gym class should be included in GPA for grading? B. Thesis: Grade of gym class should not be counted in overall grade point average for students. C. Qualification:Read MoreExempt Student Athletes from Physical Education Essay614 Words à |à 3 Pagesto stay healthy and help students exercise. 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During these intervals, peopleRead MoreGoals For High Schools Should Be Quite Simple Meaning1491 Words à |à 6 PagesGoals for high schools should be quite simple; meaning students should graduate confident in their abilities to go into the world and survive in todayââ¬â¢s society. However, instead students spend their twelve years of education concentrating on subjects that do not teach them valuable skills they need to know in our current world. The ââ¬Å"most importantâ⬠fact I can remember from high school is y=mx+b and I have not used it once since graduating high school. Schools across America should start focusing on theRead MoreMy Experience At Moro Performance1434 Words à |à 6 PagesIntroduction For my internship I was at Moro Performance, which is a crossfit gym. Moro Performance does personal training and also class training. Most of their workout are high intensity in order to push each and every person to their highest potential. The also are going to host speed camps this summer for middle school, high school, and college athletes. I was their facilities manager this semester, which included everything from cleaning bathrooms to planning equipment rotation. One of myRead MoreMy First Day At School837 Words à |à 4 Pagesschool. I was very excited. This day was gonna be a great one. I didnââ¬â¢t know were my first class but I knew my first period class was with Andrew a good friend of mine who I have known since kindergarden. He came to the open house in the summer so he knows his way around the school very well. I found him and we had a short conversation because the bell rang in the middle of us talking. I followed him to our class. There were so many kids in the halls. Me being how I am, I judge people a lot. I saw all
Tuesday, December 10, 2019
Implementation of an Automated Accounting System- Free Samples
Question: Explain Implementation Of An Automated Accounting System? Answer: Introducation At the time of establishment, a manual accounting system has been developed, in which each transaction has been recorded manually through the preparation of general journal and general ledgers. However, after five years, the company has changed the manual accounting system to Xero. This is an automated system of accounting, which could be accessed online through the cloud (Cheng, Dhaliwal and Zhang 2013). In addition, such system has enabled the organisation in reviewing the accounting system to ensure appropriate functioning of the software. However, after the use of cloud accounting for few months, the organisation has received few mails for disclosing personal and business bank details. Thus, the threat of security is inherent in this type of accounting system (Dirnagl 2016). Monitoring of the record-keeping system: In the initial few months of the implementation of cloud accounting system, Prisha was responsible for monitoring the record keeping of Karen for assuring that the transactions are entered appropriately into Xero. However, after few months, Prisha has stopped monitoring Karen and the latter is allowed to change the password solely in each month. In addition, Karen was asked to provide quarterly bank reconciliation and trial balance; however, she has not provided the same. In this case, Simons (2013) advocated that failing to provide the needed financial statements within the stipulated time could lead to manipulations and unethical practices in the financial reports. Authority of payments: The accounting procedures of Event Private Limited have changed, while Prisha was on leave. In the initial stage, both the signatures of Tim and Karen are required for co-signing the cheque. However, as the demand of the customers increases, Tim has been busy in other work and therefore, he did not have adequate time for signing cheques and authorising payments. Therefore, Karen has been provided with the sole authorisation of cash receipts from customers and cash payments to the suppliers for services like utility bills. This has been a big loophole in the accounting system of the organisation, as Karen could use the cheque for personal use. As a result, she could manipulate the cash amount in the balance sheet statement and trial balance of the organisation (Skaife, Veenman and Wangerin 2013). References: Cheng, M., Dhaliwal, D. and Zhang, Y., 2013. Does investment efficiency improve after the disclosure of material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting?.Journal of Accounting and Economics,56(1), pp.1-18. Dirnagl, U., 2016. Quality Control and Standard Operating Procedures.Rodent Models of Stroke, pp.291-300. Simons, R., 2013.Levers of control: How managers use innovative control systems to drive strategic renewal. Harvard Business Press. Skaife, H.A., Veenman, D. and Wangerin, D., 2013. Internal control over financial reporting and managerial rent extraction: Evidence from the profitability of insider trading.Journal of Accounting and Economics,55(1), pp.91-110.
Tuesday, December 3, 2019
The History of Great War
World war one also known as the Great War took place between 1915 and 1918. It involved the major powers of Europe of that time (Henig, 2002). Its causes were as varied as the nations involved in the war. But it is widely believed that it was a battle for supremacy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The History of Great War specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Germans wanted to exert their authority in Europe but the British resisted them (Henig, 2002). The war had a major impact on what is known today as the western culture. It introduced a new perspective of war into Europe. War was widely regarded afterwards as undesirable. One of the most prominent lessons for humanity from the war was that war always wins (Fusell, 1975). The magnitude of destruction that this war left behind was enormous. To begin with, millions of soldiers were involved in this war. Several hundred thousands died in the war and other large nu mbers of soldiers were maimed. It has been argued that the lifespan of a British fighter pilot at the time was reduced to a couple of days (Chikering, Forster, Greiner, 2005). Civilians were not spared either. Many people who did not directly take part in the war often found themselves in the middle of heavy fighting. Empires collapsed and others almost collapsed. The war left a trail of destruction in Europe (Chikering, Forster, Greiner, 2005). There was no clear winner amongst humankind. It seemed like war had won because in more ways than one war had retained its destructive nature. The Great War turned out to be more expensive than earlier anticipated. The realization that war was causing more harm than good might have prompted the warring sides to seek peace. After the war, attempts to nurture long lasting peace were made. For instance, the League of Nations, a precursor of the current day United Nations was formed. This was a reaction to the realization that future wars would be more expensive and more destructive. The Great War also clearly brought out the irony of war (Fusell, 1975). War is a punishment for a wrong committed against a nation or a country yet it is also a wrong in itself. The nations which took part in this war wanted to punish their enemies.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A country would invade another country because it failed to sign a peace treaty with them or was friendly to an enemy state. A lot of innocent lives were lost during these invasions. Therefore, war became a punishment for a crime and a crime by and in itself. World war one was a dividing line between ideals of the warring nations. This war demonstrated the sadism and brutality of humankind. War may make soldiers impulsive and brutal. It is clear that in the Great War the enemy was always demonized giving rise to two sharply divided sides. In World War One it appears that the urge to fight was drawn from already established divisions. This division was similar in manner and character to the ââ¬Ëus versus themââ¬â¢ ideals that characterized other previous and later wars. However, it has been observed that these ideals were not unique to world war one. It is human nature to put forth some divisions based on certain ideals. Therefore, world war one was just a reflection of human nature. The truth was largely hidden from the public during World War One. The purveyors of information did not want the public to find out how much the war had cost. This information would have encouraged public resistance of the war. Withholding information was a powerful tool of war. During the war, propaganda became an integral part of fighting the enemy. Each side wanted to be seen at home as the winner. What the public got to know was seriously controlled by the governments of the time. It was thought that sharing of casualty information freely would affect the numb er of recruits to the armies. The nations at war needed more military personnel owing to the heavy losses each had suffered. The Great War represented a pivotal point in the development of military technology. Before world war one military technology had developed at a slow rate. Nevertheless, by the time it begun military technology had become more lethal than before. There was an arms race between the warring sides to develop the best weapons at that time during the war. This prompted particularly the Great Britain and Germany to invest heavily on military development. By the time the war ended, tactics had shifted to reflect the new developments. For example, this war saw the introduction of war planes or fighter jets. The use of planes revolutionized the war. It conferred an enormous advantage over ground troops.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The History of Great War specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Early forms of chemical warfare began to emerge during the Great War. Poisonous gasses were developed and used to annihilate the enemy. There was also a contest for naval supremacy. The British and Germans battled at sea. Of particular importance are the design, construction, and use of submarines towards the end of the war. World war one also provided an opportunity to test new innovations. The war saw the emergence and the use of the machine gun. New developments in military technology brought old war tactics to an end. The war was largely fought in trenches because the available technology could not break the protection they offered. However, as hand grenades and tankers were developed, the trenches become vulnerable. In the trenches troops had been organized in groups of hundred individuals. However, with new realities troops were now organized in groups of ten troops each. This was a change that offered both tactical and operational advantage. World war one eventually spread to other parts of the world. The Great War had begun as a conflict between the powerful nations of Europe. But towards the middle of the war it had attracted many countries. At first it was confined to Europe. As time went by the geographic area in which it was fought expanded. It spread to Africa and Asia. Many of the colonies and protectorates joined the war. World war one began around 1914 and ended in the late 1918. It was mainly seen as a battle of supremacy between the powers of Europe. It later became a contest between the British and the Germans. The Great War was a dividing line between the powers. It showed that man is sadistic and brutal in nature. The soldiers often demonized the enemy. World war one accelerated the introduction of new military technology. By the time it ended new military machines and equipment like tankers, machine guns, grenades, planes, and submarines had been introduced. This war marked the beginning of attempts to seek long lasting peace.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Henig, B. (2002). The Origins of the First World War. London: Routledge. Fusell, P. (1975). The Great War and Modern Memory. Oxford: Oxford UP. Chikering, R., Forster, S., Greiner, B. (2005). A world at Total war: Global Conflict andà the Politics of Destruction. Cambrige: Cambridge UP. This essay on The History of Great War was written and submitted by user J0ey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
Wednesday, November 27, 2019
Ireland Essays (2794 words) - Great Famine, Malnutrition, Famines
Ireland The Great Starvation of Ireland I. The starvation in Ireland: 1845-1852 Over the years, the people of Ireland have suffered many hardships, but none compare to the devastation brought by the Irish potato famine of 1845-1857. A poorly managed nation together with ideally wicked weather conditions brought Ireland to the brink of disaster. It was a combination of social, political and economic factors that pushed it over the edge. After a long wet summer, the potato blight first appeared in Wexford and Waterford in September of 1845. The phytophora infestans were carried in on ships from Europe and America. Less than a year later, in August of 1846, virtually the entire potato crop in Ireland had been destroyed. The following winter became unbearable for the already starving nation. The westerly winds, which usually brought warmer air, failed, letting cold conditions from Scandinavia and Russia overtake the island of Ireland. The effects of malnutrition from starvation combined with the unusually cold temperatures aided in the spread of disease and ultimately death among the nation of Ireland. Starvation, respiratory disease, typhus epidemics, cholera, dysentery, scurvy, and deficiencies in vitamin A, all contributed to the loss of over a million Irishmen over a seven-year period. The practice of medicine at the onset of the blight was extremely inadequate. Ireland had only 39 infirmaries; this translated into one clinic for every 366,000 people. When looking at these numbers, one can easily understand why so many perished. Many of the deaths during the famine were never recorded, because of this the death toll may never be known. The number of deaths related to starvation is estimated to range from one to one and a half million people. According to Don Mullan, 200-300 mass graves were discovered, and in each grave over 1,000 bodies were identified. The infant mortality rate in some areas reached 50%. It was mainly the deaths of babies and children were the ones that often went unrecorded. The beginnings of the starvation are said to be a biometeorological phenomenon, however, the British reacted in a sociopolitical manner. Relief from the British government was slow and insignificant. The economic policies that existed were unhelpful and the British Parliament refused to make adjustments to provide for a national disaster. No free food was offered to the starving people as long as there was food for sale. Charities offered to undersell the merchants, but under Parliament policies, this was not acceptable. Ships carrying aid from other countries were intercepted before they could reach the hungry peasants. Several American groups contributed huge amounts of money, food, and clothing for relief purposes, but little, if any, reached the starving peasants of Ireland. In March of 1847, Quakers and religious charities began funding soup kitchens and workhouses. For many of the hunger victims, this was the only kind of aid seen during the years of the famine. Before the peasants were fed, many protestant groups ordered the peasants to condemn Catholicism. Meals served by soupers consisted of watery soup and bread. These meals did not provide adequate nutrition to keep the starving people alive and, many times, made it worse. People who are starving to death suffer from water retention and nutritional edema and by trying to hydrate them with watered down soup, increased their chances of mortality. The workhouses were overcrowded as well as unhealthy. There were as many as 173 workhouses in Ireland, more than the number of health clinics. The workhouses sometimes housed more than three times the amount of people they were originally built to hold. This promoted the spread of disease that was already rampant among the Irish. These aid efforts were halted to finance improvements in long term seed distribution. British soldiers were sent in during the 1846 food riots. The troops were placed in depots, ships, and harvest fields. This action was taken by the British to ensure that the peasants did not keep their produce. During the same year, an Irish physician by the name of Dr. Dominic Corrigan wrote, Starve in the midst of plenty, as literally as if dungeon bars separated them from a granary. When distress has been at its height and our poor have been dying in our streets, our corn has been going to
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